Portugal has taken a decisive step toward modernizing its air force by affirming its intent to acquire the U.S.-built F-35 Lightning II fighter jet as the successor to its aging fleet of F-16 Fighting Falcons. The announcement, delivered by General João Cartaxo Alves, Chief of the Air Force General Staff (CEMFA), during the Portuguese National Defense Conference on April 22, 2025, marks a significant evolution in the country’s defense strategy.
This confirmation, made public through the Portuguese Air Force on April 23, 2025, underscores Portugal’s growing need for fifth-generation air power to address the strategic challenges posed by its geographic location and international commitments. General Alves emphasized, “It is imperative that the next air defense aircraft be of the 5th generation,” noting that “of the available aircraft, only one currently meets this requirement, the U.S. F-35.”
Portugal’s position at the intersection of Europe, Africa, and the Atlantic lends it a vital role in NATO’s southern defense axis. The Atlantic region is increasingly seen as a strategic frontier, vulnerable to new and diverse threats including cyber warfare, long-range missile attacks, and asymmetric naval incursions. By selecting the F-35, Portugal aims to secure air superiority in this volatile landscape while aligning with NATO standards and enhancing its interoperability with allied forces.